Monthly Archive for September, 2006

Light, Particles, Action!

The Powerhouse Museum in association with the Women in Physics Groups of the Australian Institute of Physics proudly present;

Prof. Deb Kane
Department of Physics
Macquarie University

We bask in direct light from the sun most days. It warms us and enables us, with the use of our own sophisticated optical imaging system (the eye and brain), to see the world. But, we don’t expect to move boulders with sunbeams.

However, when we replace the sun with a pulsed laser beam; scale the boulder down to a micro- or nano-sized particle sitting on a surface; things change significantly. Come and hear about laser/particle/surface interactions, laser cleaning, laser/particle micro- and nano-patterning and how micro- and nano-optics can be very different than our understanding of optics on the macro-scale (such as our own eye/brain system, microscopes, telescopes, cameras etc).

The science described is fascinating in its own right but also has technological application in areas such as semiconductor fabrication, manufacturing industries, and art & cultural heritage conservation.

When: Saturday 30th September
Time: 2pm
Where: Target Theatre
The Powerhouse Museum
500 Harris Street Ultimo
Cost: Free with entry to the Powerhouse Museum

no bookings required but seats are limited so get there early

Prof. Deb M Kane has a Personal Chair in Physics and an international profile in the areas of;
1. Semiconductor laser physics
2. Laser cleaning and surface modification
3. Development of novel Ultra Violet and Vacuum Ultraviolet (UV/VUV) sources and their application to surface cleaning/treatments.

This broad range of research areas spans pure and applied physics, basic, strategic, and directly industrially relevant research (she is the co/author of >170 publications and monographs).

In addition to her contribution to research, Deb has served as Head of the Department of Physics at Macquarie University, contributes fully as a university teacher, and is a most dedicated and regular contributor to outreach programs including most recently the 2006 Siemens Science Experience, HSC Enrichment Day, and school visits.

In addition she applied successfully for funding, organised and led the Young Women and Physics Residential Schools held at Macquarie University in all years 1990-1996.

Podcast: When the rivers run dry


When the Rivers Run Dry
Thursday 28 September

In this month’s talk, Fred Pearce calls for a ‘blue revolution’ to avoid the impending global water crisis in his latest book, When the Rivers Run Dry. The author’s 15 year odyssey researching water issues has taken him from our own Murray Darling River system to the banks of England’s Thames River. Through personal stories, he will locate our regional water crisis in a global context, and offer a way forward to meet this global challenge.

How to find Green Suppliers

Next month our Free Radical discussion will be with leaders in sustainable business. We are teaming up with Green Pages, producers of an exciting new resource for anybody with a desire to be more sustainable. Their publications and internet directories will showcase over 5000 sustainable product listings.

The magazine’s look and feel will reflect the image that environmentally sustainable living is progressive and intelligent.

Green Pages

So mark off October 12th 6pm and for more information regarding Free Radicals monthly talks check out the talks page up the top there.

Mystery Micrograph

This is a new page for the blog. Each week we will put up a mystery micrograph image. The first 5 people to work out what the object is will receive a free pass to the museum.

1. You need to be as detailed as possible in your description of the object.
2. Judges decisions are final.
3. Prizes awarded to the 5 comments with the most correct detail.
4. Where more than 5 comments are submitted with equal detail the first five posted will receive the prizes.
5. Only one correct entry per email address will receive a prize.
6. Prizes consist of a single adult pass to the Powerhouse Museum, Sydney.

If you come back later in the week there will be clues to help if it hasn’t been worked out.

Leave your description as a comment on this post and we will choose the winners according to the time the comments were left.

So here is the image for the week from Monday September 25
Mystery object 1 - Leica EZ4D microscope - 35x magnification
image captured with the Leica EZ4D microscope with built in 3megapixel camera. Mag: 35x

As a number of people stated this was indeed an image of the Australian $20 polymer note. This is on the side with Mary Reibey – and is an image of a property she owned. The reserve bank has details of the Mary Reibey story. The Australian polymer notes have a number of security features to thwart counterfeiting – two can be seen in this image

Slightly raised printing that can be felt with the fingers is used for the portraits and other major design elements.
Intricate multi-coloured fine-line patterns and images appear on each side.

The Polymer note technology is now used by countries all over the world to protect currency.

Finally congratulations to Harry who correctly identified the image – luckily the only person to do so – he gets a family pass to the new Great Wall of China exhibition at the Powerhouse. Next time Harry to be elligible you will need to post your answer to the blog as a comment.

Weir-Warman trophy heads back to New Zealand

For the third year running a New Zealand entry has collected first place at the Weir-Warman/Engineers Australia student design and build competition run at the Powerhouse Museum over the weekend. The design and build competition challenges 2nd year mechanical engineering students to build an autonomous machine to complete a complex task.
Some of the entries
This year’s task proved very challenging with no teams giving perfect performances during competition, although two teams produced perfect runs in trials and the University of Auckland’s winning team was caught on video completing a perfect run during their victory lap.


University of Auckland's winning entry completes a perfect victory lap

Second place went to the UTas team and third to the team from UNSW@ADFA. A special judges commendation for innovation went to the team from Adelaide University.

The competition attracted entries from across the region, in all 16 teams made it through campus competitions to get to Sydney for the Finals. One of the very interesting things to note from the competition is the variety of ways to construct a solution to the same problem. It was great to see all the teams competing at the Museum over the weekend, and they are to be commended for the positive spirit of the competition.

The 2006 task required teams to construct a device to deposit “seeds” into fields represented by the squares on the track. Two difficulties were added – the track was lined with “trees” which had to remain standing and a 90 degree corner had to be negotiated. All of this had to be completed in less than 10 seconds for the elusive perfect score.
An unfortunate second run came undone for the UNSW@ADFA entry

For full results keep an eye on the competition website.

Hope is not lost

Last time I mentioned an article published in SMH as a review of the new Al Gore film An inconvenient truth. Today I would like to address this article which, with one short statement, discounts 30 odd years of work by countless environmentally aware organisations, governments and people.

The suggestion of the piece is confusing, in one part it takes the stance that we shouldn’t let people know about the coming crisis caused by releasing Greenhouse gases because it will bring despair and people won’t be able make the changes neccesary to avert the crisis.

In the next breath the article suggests that there is no real crisis;

Funnily enough, the other eco catastrophes so confidently predicted 30 years ago – acid rain, nuclear winter, species extinction, the population bomb – never did eventuate.

I was shocked to think that there were people out there who assumed that these problems just went away. When in effect they were solved by people making decisions to alter the course of human history to overcome these global crisis.

Most significantly was the suggestion within the article that because these problems turned out to be the over-reactions of the environmental movement – that therefore we should treat the current issue of climate change with scepticism.

The outcomes of these issues in fact give us hope that we are capable of solving wide reaching issues like climate change and taking the opportunities they give to improve our place in the world. Let’s look closely at these “never eventuated” memories;

Acid rain, caused by release of sulphur and nitrogen oxides. Had it gone unchecked it would have devestated many parts of the world. Policies established in response to the scientific evidence of the damage acid rain continues to cause and the struggle of the environmental lobby has seen a reduction in this problem in Europe and North america.

Nuclear winter has been averted to date because peace activists convinced governments that the Russians loved their children too and so not to initiate a nuclear war. With the nuclear arsenal still available to world leaders this outcome is still not permanent. The doomsday clock and population counter

Image taken from http://www.thebulletin.org/doomsday_clock/

Species extinction – It is difficult to believe that in light of ongoing reporting that anybody could believe species extinction didn’t and isn’t happening? A little research will uncover lists like this one which contains the Australian animals extinct since 1788, and here the list of endangered animals. Remembering these are only Australia’s lists. Digging a little deeper will uncover the treaties now established to limit the trade in endangered wildlife, limit the loss of habitats, and protect populations of commercial species.

Population bomb – we don’t need to look very far to realise that we are surrounded by populations facing severe problems due to population approaching environmental limits.

The population bomb as envisaged by Ehrlich

requires only three things:

A rapid rate of change
A limit of some sort
Delays in perceiving the limit

This may be the only time we can thank the Chinese for their one child policy instigated to protect against the rapid rate of population growth. In other areas of the world populations continue to increase with many reaching limits placed by nature.

We see everyday the devastation of populations across Africa that have reached the limits their environments can support. We may have dodged this bomb but others have not been so lucky.

None of the issues mentioned in the closing of this article are solved, we are combating them – in the same way we are combating the ozone hole – by doing something about it. All of these things are the result of work done by the same scientific community that is working to highlight the issues of global warming and to provide solutions. This is the struggle we all face everyday to make choices that will protect our future.

There is hope, because more than ever humanity is capable of seeing the coming problems and searching for solutions that will be effective in minimising our greenhouse contribution. Across the world, and Australia governments, businesses and individuals are working to reduce their greenhouse emissions setting trading schemes in place to make change viable and economic. It’s only a start but it is a start.

As the Australian author Ian Lowe points out in his book Living in the hothouse;

There is no justification for despair. The situation is serious and demands our attention, but it is not hopeless.



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