This photograph is significant because it is one of the few surviving hand-tinted ambrotypes with links to Australia. While millions of these ambrotype photographs were produced around the world and many thousands in Australia remarkably few have survived that can be linked to Australian society during the 1850s and 1860s. The accession register states that the sitter in the portrait is 'Mrs. Urquhart' and another ambrotype in the collection H6948 3 is of 'Mr. Urquart' but we currently have little more in the way of information relating to this couple. Even so the museum recognises the importance of maintaining its collection of ambrotypes as examples of the fashion and early photographic processes in Australia in this period.

Geoff Barker, Curatorial, September 2009

In 1851 Frederick Scott Archer announced the discovery of a new photographic process that could adhere to glass. This was a major breakthrough in the story of photography for the process made clear highly detailed negatives form which multiple copies could be made.

The general public had become used to their photographic portraits being taken using a daguerreotype process which were displayed in a small glass fronted case. To compete with this trade a special kind of collodion process, known as the ambrotype was introduced. This was essentially the same as other collodion negatives except that once the exposure had been taken the emulsion on the glass was bleached to whiten it. When this bleached negative was placed in a case against a black background it formed a positive image which bore a remarkable resemblance to the daguerreotype except it had the added advantage of not being highly reflective.

Australia followed rather than set photographic trends but in the 1850s, the massive boom caused by the discovery of gold ensured it was very quick to take up new processes like the ambrotype. Over the 1850s the ambrotype replaced the daguerreotype as the preferred method of taking portraits but even in the late 1850s daguerreotypes were still being made for more conservative customers.

Geoff Barker, Curatorial, September 2009

References
J. Cato, The Story of the Camera in Australia, Third Edition, Institute of Australian Photography, Hong Kong, 1979
Michel Frizot, A New History of Photography, Amilcare Pizzi, Milan, 1998
Helmut and Alison Gernsheim, A Concise History of Photography, Thames and Hudson, Germany, 1965
A. Davies and P. Stanbury, 1985, The Mechanical Eye in Australia, Oxford University Press, Melbourne

Photographic positive, hand-tinted ambrotype in case, studio portrait of Mrs. Urquhart, collodion / paint / glass / wood / paper / metal / velvet, photographer unknown, 1854-1865

An ambrotype showing a 3/4 length portrait of a woman photographed seated in a studio setting. The woman wears a dress featuring tartan pattern with a full skirt and long sleeves and a brooch in the middle of the lace collar on the dress. She looks directly into the camera and has her hands in her lap. The ambrotype has been tinted with the woman's cheeks in pink, dress in green and blue and her brooch in gold. The ambrotype is enclosed in a hinged case made from wood that has been covered in leather. The lid has detached from the base, however it would have opened to reveal the ambrotype on the left hand side. The ambrotype is framed in an oval brass mat. A glass panel sits over the top of the brass mat and another decorative brass frame sits on the outside of the glass. The opposite side of the case is lined with maroon velvet featuring an embossed decorative pattern. On the outside of the case, the leather also features an embossed decorative pattern. A metal hook on the side of the case would have allowed it to be closed securely.

Made: 1854 - 1865

H6948-2

1854 - 1865

125 mm

10 mm